Apparatus for monitoring and programming functioning of a machine for machining workpieces

ABSTRACT

A method of and an apparatus for monitoring and programming functioning of a machine for machining workpieces, in particular, a spark erosion machine, in which separate functions are displayed on a window of the apparatus screen, one or more of the displayed functions is/are selected and then set up valuewise in a further window of the apparatus screen.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a method of and an apparatus for monitoring andprogramming the functioning of a machine for machining workpieces, inparticular, a spark erosion machine. The apparatus of the invention isprovided with a screen with a window, and the invention also relates tothe screen window.

Presently, it is customary to carry out monitoring and programming ofthe functioning of a machine for machining workpieces by using a controlapparatus having a screen with a main window with actual conditions ofmachining of a workpiece being shown on the window screen. Specifically,with spark erosion machining, defining data such as, e.g., the gapwidth, tensioning, etc. . . are flashed on the screen in small valuefields. It is further customary, in particular with spark erosionmachining, to display on the screen separate points of a profile to becut in the workpiece in accordance with point inputs. The inputs of thepoints are effected in accordance with desired movement of the wireelectrode. When this technique is used, the user should input, next to arespective point, corresponding directional data. Because of such aninput, only a limited dialog between the user and the screen ispossible. To be able to verify whether the inputs of predeterminedpoints lead to a desired profile, the user should simulate the completecourse of the wire electrode along the profiled section. That is why aninitial erroneous input of a cutting direction, e.g., often leads to anon-executable profile. However, finding out that the profile iserroneous occurs at a much later time. Because expenditure of time forinput of points based on erroneous data is rather considerable,undesirable dead time results.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide amethod and an apparatus for monitoring and programming the functioningof a machine for machining workpieces, so as to improve the dialogbetween the user and the apparatus.

This and other objects of the invention are achieved by providing amethod and an apparatus for monitoring and programming the functioningof a machine for machining workpieces, in which separate functions aredisplayed, one after another, in the window of the apparatus screen, andone or more of the displayed functions is/are selected, and/or displayedvaluewise in a further window of the screen. Thus, selection of afunction and its valuewise display can be controlled. In a furtherembodiment of the invention, the screen window is provided with a windowheader section for function identification, a window input section fordisplaying set up values, a window sketch section for displaying andcontrolling the influence of the set up values on the function, and akey section with which the process of the function set up is broken orinterrupted, or the function is transferred to the main window, orconstructional alternatives are supplied.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method of the invention,only executable functions are released for selection, with thecorresponding apparatus having means for blocking selection ofnon-executable functions. Therefore, the user can never select afunction which cannot be executed during the course of machineoperation. Thus, an erroneous input of a non-executable function, madeconsciously or unconsciously, is prevented. Advantageously, executableand non-executable functions are distinguished from each other. Theapparatus according to the invention includes at least one activatingelement, preferably provided with identification symbols and associatedwith the screen window for selecting at least one of the displayedfunctions. To this end, the activating element is preferably providedwith an icon, advantageously, with an icon menu. More preferably, theactivating element is provided with means, specifically, a luminous orcolor defined section, for observable distinction between the executableand non-executable functions. In this case, the user can immediatlyrecognize which executable functions will be available in the future.Therefore, verification, e.g., with aid of an operational manual, forclarifying relationship of consecutive functions can be reduced to aminimum. The activating element also reduces the dead time of theapparatus and optimizes its utilization.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the inventive method,the valuewise set up of a function is controlled in a sketch window ofthe further window of the screen. In the corresponding apparatus, thesketch section has constant figures for reproducing a respective set offunctions and symbols or identifiers for reproducing the set upparameters of this function. According to yet another advantageousembodiment of the apparatus of the invention, the sketch section isprovided, dependent upon the set up values, with modified figures fordisplaying the set up or changed values of the function. Thus, the usercan see not only the input values. The sketch window simultaneouslyshows at which location the particular function has been changed by thevaluewise set up. Also, input errors are substantially reduced byoptical observation.

After its valuewise set up, the function is transferred to the mainwindow of the screen, and the inventive apparatus is provided with meansfor transferring the selected and, if necessary, set up (valuewise)function to the main window of the screen. In this way, the user knowswhat has been changed in the structure of the total operation of themachine which is displayed in the main window. Because the valuewise setup has already been satisfactory and repeatedly checked, an erroneoustransfer of values to the main window is excluded. Therefore, asimulated test cut, customary in the prior art, can be dispensed with.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, afterbreak off of a valuewise set up of a function, the functions which wereoriginally displayed on the screen window, are again displayed forutilization. Thereby, a new or further function can be immediatelyselected. Rapid sequence of function transfer during programming of thecomplete operation is assured.

It is especially preferable to store an actual condition of the furtherwindow and call it in at a later time. In the apparatus according to theinvention, the screen window is provided with a further element forinterrupting the process of setting up a function, and a storage forstoring values which were input before interruption. This can be ofparticular importance when the user interrupts the dialog with thescreen, either because the user is occupied with other matters or theuser completely finishes the process at the end of a working day, fortaking up the process the next working day.

In a more preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to theinvention, the screen is provided with at least two windows of which atleast one window contains arranged operationally related functions ingroups on the basis of the operation or the programmed course. Thereby,a predetermined sequence of functions for machining a workpiece isavailable to the user. On the basis of this groupping, the user canproceed stepwise when inputting the functions, so that jumping betweengroups of functions is eliminated. The sequence in which separate stepsare set forth is offered by the apparatus itself. Logically incorrect orincomplete data will not be authorized or will be immediately reportedto the user by an error message.

In yet another embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention,there are provided at least two screen windows each of which isassociated with at least one activating element, advantageously, with atleast partially similar identification symbols. By means of thesepartially similar activating elements, standard functions, common forall operationally related functions, can be triggered. These functionswill be discussed later.

In another preferred embodiment of the apparatus according to theinvention, the screen window has a function identification section,and/or a section for inputting and setting up a function, and/or asection for sketching a function. The use of such a window minimizeserrors during input of values by the user. The identification sectionenables the user to control if a desired function has been selectedafter actuation of the activating element. In order to make theidentification clear, the identification section is provided,preferably, with display means having definition or symbol means andwhich identifies a respective selected function. If the desired functionis further displayed by using an icon, the user can verify by using,e.g., concrete words or a picture of the icon, whether the desiredfunction has actually been found. The desired function can be madeobservable in two ways. This permits the exclusion of a possiblecareless mistake when a function is selected. Simultaneously, theidentification section offers the user help in establishing, in responseto an inquiry, what meaning each icon has.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the inventive apparatus,the input section has a display which reproduces valuewise set upparameters of the selected function. After the identification sectionidentifies the function, a section of the screen window informs the userwhat actions have been undertaken. Thus, an active dialog between theuser and the apparatus, which is not limited to only one section,begins.

In yet a further embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention,several different, mutually exclusive values or value groups, arereproduced, which permit the same modification of an input of aspecifically desired function to be obtained. In this way, the user canselect which values or value groups appear to be particularly suitablefor the intended purpose, or which values or value groups seem to beright for the user personally for conducting the dialog with theapparatus. This is particularly advantageous when the user similar knowsonly one type of value or value group. Then, the user need not deal withother types of values or value groups with which he is unfamiliar.Likewise, the user can verify what function is obtainable withunfamiliar values or value groups.

More advantageously, the apparatus is provided with means that(simultaneously or sequentially) prevent input of mutually exclusivevalues or value groups, to eliminate an erroneous input. In order toindicate to the user which value or value group has been just set up,the apparatus is provided, in the input section, with indication meansand/or further means for selecting the set-up values or value groups.Thereby, it is clear to the user which input data can be implemented.

In still another embodiment of the inventive apparatus, there isprovided in the input section, for identification of the values or valuegroup corresponding to a respective set up of the function, anilluminated display field with symbols or signs for reproduction of theset up parameters of the function, specifically, a luminously or colordefined section. Attention of the user is, thus, unconsciously directedto the display field until the warning process ceases. If the user isstill unsure of the response to the question regarding what values canbe input, the symbols or signs serve to again provide clarification ofthe set up parameters of the function.

To reduce the time period for the warning process during input andcontrol of the values effected by the user, the apparatus is providedwith, identical symbols and signs in both the input section and thesketch section. The reduction of the warning time period is assigned bythe symbols or signs in the sketch section being connected with thedisplay field in the input section that, at the set-up of apredetermined value or value group, so that the warning process isinitiated simultaneously in both the sketch section and the inputsection.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, the screen windowhas at least two elements for breaking off the process of a function setup and transferring the function onto the main window. Due to theseparate arrangement of these breaking off elements, the user canconduct steps separately from each other. The transfer onto the mainwindow is effected, generally, not directly after the set up, but ratherthe user can, after the break off, one more time verify whether the setup values are acceptable. Only by the next step can the user effect thetransfer, after the verification, onto the main window.

The apparatus according to the invention includes means for calling onthe stored set up values. Thus, in case of an interruption, the set upprocess can be again undertaken, without a significant time expenditure.

Finally, in an additional embodiment of the inventive apparatus, thereis provided an interpreter for each screen window. Thus, when the screenwindow is changed, only the file should be changed and not a respectivemodule. Therefore, no new codification is necessary.

The novel features which are considered as characteristic for theinvention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. Theinvention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method ofoperation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, willbe best understood from the following description of specificembodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for monitoring andprogramming functions of a machine for producing workpieces, accordingto the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a layout of the screen window of the apparatus according tothe present invention;

FIG. 3 shows an icon group of the first, Geometry module of theapparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa first group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 5 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa second group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 6 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa third group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 7 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa fourth group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 8 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa fifth group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 9 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa sixth group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 10 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa seventh group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 11 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toan eighth group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 12 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa ninth group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 13 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa tenth group of functions of the Geometry module;

FIG. 14 shows an icon group of the angular Conic of the second, Conicmodule;

FIG. 15 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa first group of functions of the angular Conic;

FIG. 16 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa second group of functions of the angular Conic;

FIG. 17 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa third group of functions of the angular Conic;

FIG. 18 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa fourth group of functions of the angular Conic;

FIG. 19 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa fifth group of functions of the angular Conic;

FIG. 20 shows an icon group of the three-dimensional Conic of thesecond, Conic module;

FIG. 21 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows of a firstgroup of functions of the three-dimensional Conic;

FIG. 22 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows of asecond group of functions of the three-dimensional Conic;

FIG. 23 shows an icon group of a third, Operational Program module;

FIG. 24 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa first group of functions of the Operational Program module;

FIG. 25 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa second group of functions of the Operational Program module;

FIG. 26 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa third group of functions of the Operational Program module;

FIG. 27 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa fourth group of functions of the Operational Program module;

FIG. 28 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa fifth group of functions of the Operational Program module;

FIG. 29 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa sixth group of functions of the Operational Program module;

FIG. 30 shows an icon group of a fourth, Job module;

FIG. 31 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa first group of functions of the Job module;

FIG. 32 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa second group of functions of the Job module;

FIG. 33 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa third group of functions of the Job module; and

FIG. 34 shows a set of icons and corresponding dialog windows related toa fourth group of functions of the Job module.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

On the basis of FIG. 1, the block diagram of an apparatus for monitoringand programming functioning of a machine for machining workpiecesaccording to the present invention will be described with reference tofive functional groups (so-called program modules).

Within the bounds of a first, Geometry module, a cut profile isdetermined, that is, in general, the projection of a machined workpiece.The first Geometry module is designed, in particular, for reading in andpreparation of constructional drawings in two dimensions (X/Y plane).

After the cut profile is completely and flawlessly determined and thegeometrical data contain no loose elements or fan-outs, the apparatusgenerates, while storage of the geometrical data takes place, data ofthe cutting geometry (S-file) and directs the user to a second, Conicmodule. The Conic structure is based on the cut profile and serves fordefinition of a body (in three dimensions). In the second, Conic module,the apparatus offers (alternatively) selection of two kinds ofdefinition of the body, with angular Conic 3 and three-dimensional Conic4 both forming the second, Conic module 2. Within the bounds of theangular Conic 3, the body is described by definition of a second (top)profile on the basis of a given bottom profile (cut profile). This iseffected by definition of angles of wire electrode positions atrespective points of the cut profile.

Within the bounds of the three-dimensional Conic 4, the body isdescribed by definition of so-called milestones on two previouslyobtained cut profiles (top and bottom profiles). To this end, the twoprofiles are so arranged relative to each other that determinant pointsof the cut (bottom) profile limited by the base surface of the workpieceare associated with corresponding points of the cut (top) profilelimited by the top surface of the workpiece. Pairs of associated pointsof the top and bottom profiles define a single surface line (wire line)of the body. The workpiece itself is defined by data indicating theworkpiece material, allowable shape tolerances, the desired roughness ofthe outer surface of the workpiece, etc. . . .

After the Conic module 2 is completely and flawlessly defined, theapparatus directs the user to a third, Operational Program module 5.Within the bounds of the Operational Program module 5, among others,deviation, start and stop points, turning points, "stops", and cornerstrategy are defined, and thus "what the machine has to do" to producethe desired workpiece. In the Operational Program module 5, the wireelectrode traveling paths are actually generated.

After the Operational Program module 5 is completely and flawlesslydefined, the system directs the user to the fourth, Job module 6 (alsoknown as a chain-forming module). With the Job module 6, data forchaining and sequencing the cuts, measuring points, wire cutting points,by-pass points and so forth are generated. Thus, the Job module 6enables the user to set forth an operational sequence of programs whichwere completely define in the Operational Program module 5. Thereby, aplurality of operational programs can be so chained that a maximum useof workpiece material, with minimum waste, results.

After the Job module 6 is completely and flawlessly defined, theapparatus directs all the acquired information to a fifth, Postprocessormodule 7 which generates a NC-program for a spark erosion machine.

It should also be pointed out that it is possible to input into theapparatus and process therein, geometrical data produced outside theapparatus (e.g., a CAD-program such as AUTOCAD). The dialog between theuser and the apparatus takes place by means of a screen and anappropriate input device, advantageously, a mouse and/or a keyboard.

The apparatus provides information of advancing of an operation andpresents for selection functions corresponding to a particularoperational stage. With the mouse, the user moves an ar-cursor to anobject on the screen the user is interested in, and selects or clicksit. With the keyboard, the user can control a so-called scroll bar,input data, and can select displayed elements by their letter ornumerical symbols.

With reference to FIG. 2, the layout of the screen main window will nowbe discussed. The main window 10 serves for activization of a module.The main window 10 has two main regions; a graphic region or a graphicwindow 11 and a function displaying or a function setting region. Thelatter region supplies tools necessary for operating the machine. Thefunction displaying or the function setting region includes:

a first icon field 12 which is associated with such functions thatessentially relate to each of the above-described modules (so-called"Universal functions");

a second icon field 13 which is associated with such functions that areessentially referred to a respective active module (so-called"module-referred-to functions");

a dialog field 14 in which, with selection of a function, a dialogwindow **.2 associated with this function, appears via a (separate) icon**.1, likewise associated with this function, and overlaps the secondicon field 13; and

a measurement field 15 in which, in respective cases, a window withmeasurement results appears. This measurement field 15 lies in a filename field 16 in which the data, processed at a respective time,appears.

The icon fields 12 and 13 serve for establishing and selecting separatefunctions. The dialog field 14 serves for setting (e.g., valuewise) eachselected function via the dialog window **.2 associated with theselected function.

In the graphic region or the graphic window 11, the apparatus shows theoperational stages and displays elements that are manipulated furtherwith selected functions. Adjacent to the two described main regions, themain window is provided, at its upper edge, also with a (main) menugroup 17 and, at its lower edge, with a multi-functional bar 22. Themenu group 17 contains a first menu point 18 "Module", a module namefield 19, a further menu point 20 "Filer", and a still further menupoint 21 "orientation". The user defines a module in which the user willoperate by selecting the menu point 18 "Module" from the menu group 17.After that, the apparatus opens a pull-down menu in which theabove-described five modules are presented for selection. In the modulename field 19, the name of the selected or actual module is shown. Whenthe user selects the menu point 20 "Filer", the apparatus opens anotherpull-down menu in which functions for processing prepared data or datato be prepared, that is functions for opening, closing, safeguarding,copying, deleting and printing of data, formatting of data carriers, andpreparing or deleting of indexes, are presented. When the user selectsthe menu point 21 "Orientation", a pull-down menu opens by means ofwhich the user can call on information related to the apparatus and itsfunctioning.

The multi-functional bar 22 at the lower edge of the screen windowinforms the user of related identifications, status (icon switching-onduration), and computating operations, and shows error messages,warnings and so forth.

FIG. 3 shows available function selection or function setting range forthe Geometry module 1 in the main window 10 which is offered by theapparatus, that is FIG. 3 shows separate icons **.1 in the icon fields12 and 13 available in the Geometry module 1. The separate icons **.1 ofthe first icon field 12 relate to universal functions. The separateicons of the second icon field 13 are associated with particularfunctions related specifically to the Geometry module 1. When the userselects the Geometry module 1, a window opens in which already preparedcut profile data set appears. The user can call on the already existingdata set, or set up a new cut profile. In the first case, the apparatusopens the main window 10 Geometry and, in the second case, also aprevious geometry data sheet. In this data sheet, with the keyboard,data such as drawing number, date, author, etc. and comments aresupplied, and a measurement unit (mm or inch) is selected. After thedata sheet is filled, the main window 10 Geometry appears on the screen.It provides the module name (Geometry) and selected geometrical data,shows, in the graphic region or window 11, an X/Y system of coordinatesand, in the function selection region, that is in icon fields 12 and 13,a group of functions associated with this module in the form of an icongroup shown in FIG. 3. Each icon **.1 is associated with a respectivedialog window **.2 which opens, upon selection of a related icon, in thedialog field 14 and overlaps the icon field 13 of the original icongroup. The first icon field 12, which is reserved for the universalfunctions, remains visible and selectable.

Now, with reference to FIG. 4, a first group of functions related to theGeometry module 1 and corresponding dialog windows will be discussed. Anicon 30.1 (4/5 of the icon group in FIG. 3. Here and in all subsequentdescription, the first numeral indicates a line and the second numeralindicates a column in a respective icon group) and a dialog window 31.2relate to a function "Tangent". On the basis of this function "Tangent",by way of an example, for all further functions, a typical course of adialog between the user and the apparatus will be described in detail.

We will proceed from a premise that the configuration of the cutgeometry has already been divided into stages. In the graphic region ofthe main window, the geometry is already visible as a row ofconstructional elements, among them a circle and a point can be seen,and the user can draw a tangent to the circle through the point. To thisend, the user selects the above-mentioned icon 30.1 and opens therebythe corresponding window 31.2. The dialog window 31.2 has a name 32identifying the function "Tangent" selected via the icon 30.1 and aninput field 33 into which the user can input inquired numerical valuesor algebraic terms. Further, the dialog window 31.2 shows symbolically,in a sketch field 34, a sketch of the selected function with a pluralityof selectable symbolically shown elements 35. The separate elements 35are enclosed in boxes 36. Additionally, the dialog window 31.2 showsicons or so-called buttons "Interruption" 37, "Break off" 38,(Constructional) "Alternatives" 39 and "OK" 40. (The buttons aregraphically shown entry keys that can be actuated with a mouse).

The apparatus expects, in accordance with unambiguous rules, an accurategeometry according to the following constructional principle: Definitionof a tangent by a circle K and

a point P through which the tangent should extend; or

a predetermined straight line and an angle d between the tangent and thepredetermined straigt line; or

an angle d between the tangent and X-axis of the coordinate system(Alternatives).

Besides, it should be communicated to the apparatus, after the selectionof one of the three above-mentioned principles, on which circle andpoint, or on which straight line among the geometrical elements shown inthe graphic region, the user will rely. (Identification). Also, thevalue of the angle should be communicated to the apparatus in case thetangent is defined by one. The desired value is input into the inputfield 33 of the dialog window 31.2. In the case discussed here, aconstructional principle circle/point is used. This principle the usercommunicates to the apparatus by selection (and therefore "activation")of elements 35 C and P in respective boxes 36. By selection ofrespective circles and points, the user communicates to the apparatus onwhich elements in the graphic region the user relies (identification).Generally, the user can abandon the selection of a constructionalprinciple or "activation" of elements 35 in the sketch field of thedialog window 31.2 and select it directly in the graphic region. Theapparatus, thus, makes available automatically a constructionalprinciple to be used.

In case of reliance on an angle, the numerical value, as it has beenalready indicated, of the angle should be input. A request for such aninput will be indicated by a flashing cursor sign in the input field 33.

To prevent overdefinition of a construction, conditions "free","active", "occupied", or "redundant" are associated with with elements35, whereby graphic (e.g., colored) changes in corresponding boxes 36inform the user of the status of elements 35. The apparatus recognizeswhether inputs made by the user and referred to the selected functionand construction are important and sufficient, and shows it.

The dialog, at each point of the operation, can be interrupted byselection of the corresponding button 37, for example, to open anotherdialog window. The data, which are processed in the interrupted dialog,meanwhile are stored and, upon closing the selected second dialogwindow, can be processed further after openning the first dialog window.When the user selects the button "Break off" 38, the dialog window 31.2closes, and data processed there are cleared. In many dialog windows,there is no sufficient place in the sketch field 34 to cover all(constructional) alternatives. In this case, next to the icon"alternative" 39, the number of alternatives are shown and, if the userselects this icon, the user can make the related alternatives visibleone after another in the sketch field 34, and select one of them.

If the process in a dialog window is logically correct and completelyfinished, the apparatus immediately calculates the new geometricalelement (in the example above--the tangent). The user recognizes thelogically complete input of data by all the boxes 36 in the input field33 having either the status "occupied" or "redundant".

During calculation of a new set up element, the cursor takes the form ofan egg timer, and the apparatus does not accept any data. After thecalculation process is completed, the apparatus awaits acknowledgementof the data in the dialog window from the user by actuation of the "OK"button 40.

To further facilitate the operation, the elements corresponding to eachother can be marked with the same color in both the dialog field and thegraphic region. Frequently occuring elements or values can be preset.The functions available from the apparatus in their entirety show alarge similarity in the design of related associated dialog windows,dialog structures, add logical analysis of input. The above-said followsfrom the foregoing description of the function "Tangent" and of theother functions and, therefore, need not be repeated in its entirety inthe following description.

An icon 50.1 (5/1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 51.2relate to a function "Tangent to a Circle". This function serves fordrawing a straight line that contacts two given circles. Both circles tobe identified.

An icon 52.1 (5/2 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 53.2relate to a function "A Perpendicular to a Circle". This function servesfor drawing a straight line that passes through a given point andintersects the circle in such a manner that it extends perpendicular toa tangent of the circle in the point of contact between the tangent andthe circle or in the point of intersection. The respective circle andpoint need be identified.

An icon 54.1 (6/1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 55.2relate to a function "A Circle Without an Element on its Circumference".This function denotes a circle drawn about a given point with either apredetermined radius or having a predetermined diameter. For thisfunction, identification of the point and input of either thepredetermined radius or the predetermined diameter into the input field33 in the dialog window 55.2 are required.

Further, with reference to FIG. 5, a group of second (Universal)functions adressable among others in the Geometry modul 1, and relateddialog windows and icons will be described.

An icon 60.1 (1/1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 61.2relate to a function Indication/Modification. With this function, anidentified element can be indicated and, eventually, modified. Themanipulated element must be identified in the graphic region (e.g., witha click). The elements "Parents/Children/Childrens' children" will firstbe, according to predetermined rules, highlighted in the graphic region.Upon actuation of the button 40 "OK", for definition of elements, theutilized window opens and, simultaneously, elements connected with theidentified element are denoted with a particular color.

An icon 62.1 (1/2 of the icon group in FIG. 3) relates to a function"Arithmetic Operation". This function enables the user to calculate with

basic operators: plus, minus, multiply, and divide by;

mathematical functions: sin, cos, tan, arcsin, arccos, and arctan,

and thereby permits setting of clips.

An icon 63.1 (1.4 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 64.2relate to a function "Cut-out/Scale". With this function, the user can,after selection,

define an option "Displacement" 65, starting and finishing points of apredetermined cut-out displacement. The cursor sign, during establishingof displacement vectors, takes a form of a cross;

utilize an option "Scale Modification 66 of increasing or decreasing thecut-out. Increase or decrease can be effected in the corresponding inputfield 33 either by inputting a predetermined edge value with regard tothe X- or Y-axis, or by inputting an appropriate coefficient. Theavailable graphic region is thus always optimally utilized.

An icon 67.1 (1/5 of the icon group in FIG. 3) relates to a function"Zooming". This function serves for increasing or decreasing a detail ofan image. When this function is selected, the cursor sign takes the formof a cross. By clicking a point and a diagonal "Draw", with actuatedmouse, a rectangle limiting a predetermined image area is defined. Uponmouse release, the selected image area is increased to the completedimension of the screen. (This function is not associated with anydialog window).

An icon 68.1 (2.1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 69.2relate to a function "measurement". A measurement result appears in themeasurement field 15 of the dialog window 69.2. The apparatus then drawsa particular gauge mark 70 in the measurement section.

The following measurement can be taken:

a distance between two parallel straight lines;

a distance between two circles in dependence on click location;

a distance between two points;

a distance between a point and a straight line;

a distance between a point and a circle in dependence on click location;

a distance between a straight line and a circle in dependence on clicklocation;

a circle diameter; and

an angle between two non-parallel straight lines.

The respective measurement follows after a simple click of respectivegeometrical elements.

When the function "Measurement" is called on with another dialog windowbeing open (after clicking the button 37 "Interruption"), themeasurement result is transferred into an input bar of a first dialogwindow if this input bar was previously set as "active".

An icon 71.1 (2/2 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 72.2relate to a function "Plotting". This function permits the showing of anactual condition of a graphic image with a plotter so that duringplotting the function can further be worked on. The dialog windowpermits arrangement of a drawing frame, a drawing header, and differentscales.

An icon 73.1 (5/5 of the icon group in FIG. 3) relates to a function"Zooming Canceled".

Now, with reference to FIG. 6, an icon and a dialog window related to athird, special function of the Geometry module 1 will be described. Anicon 80.1 (3/1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 81.2relate to a function "absolute Point". This function serves for defininga point through its absolute cartesian coordinates (preset) or its polarcoordinates. The user then transfers the desired value to acorresponding input field 33.

Below, with reference to FIG. 7, a fourth group of (special) functionsand respective icons and dialog windows related to the Geometry module 1will be described.

An icon 90.1 (3/2 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 91.2relate to a function "Incremental Point". This function serves fordefining a second point through its cartesian or polar incrementalvalues referred to a clicked first point. To this end, the usertransfers the desired values to a correponding input field 33.

An icon 92.1 (3/3 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 93.2relate to a function "Intersection Point". This function serves fordefining an intersection point of two elements E1 and E2 or an alreadygiven point, which lies in the vicinity of the intersection point, as anew element.

An icon 94.1 (3/4 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 95.2relate to a function "Distance of a Point". This function serves fordefining a second point on an element 1 through a desired distance dfrom a first point P on the same element 1. To this end, the user, alongwith the identification, should input the desired distance d into theinput field 33.

An icon 96.1 (3/5 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window 97.2relate to a function "Center". This function serves for defining acenter of a circle as a new element.

Now, with reference to FIG. 8. a fifth group of functions andcorresponding icons and dialog windows related to the Geometry module 1will be described.

An icon 100.1 (4/1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window101.2 relate to a function "Straight Line through Two Points". Thisfunction serves for defining a straight line through given first andsecond points as a new element. The second point can be already given ordefined anew. In the later case, along with identification, an input ofcoordinates of derivative dx and dy of both points into the input field33 is required.

An icon 102.1 (4/2 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window103.2 relate to a function "Cartenarian Line". This function serves forconnecting to each other a plurality of straight lines to form a chain.At a preliminary end point of the chain, after selection of an option"Next" 104, identification of a next carterian point is required for itsconnection with the preliminary end point of the chain. If there is nonext end point, an input of its coordinates (absolute or incremental,cartesian or polar) into the input field 33 is required.

An icon 105.1 (4/3 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window106.2 relate to a function "Straight Line and an Angle". This functionserves for drawing a straight line through a given point at apredetermined angle to a reference line. As the reference line, theX-axis can be used. To this end, the predetermined angle should be inputinto the input field 33.

An icon 107.1 (4/4 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window108.2 relate to a function "parallel". This function serves for drawing,parallel to a given reference straight line, a straight line that eitherpasses through a given point or extends at a predetermined distance fromthe reference line. As a reference line, either of the both axes can beused. For the function Parallel identification of the reference line isneeded, which, as has already been indicated, can be any of the twoaxes, and

either identification of the point through which the drawn line shouldpass; or

input of the desired distance of the parallel from the reference lineinto the input field 33.

Below, with reference to FIG. 9, a sixth group of functions andcorresponding icons and dialog windows related to the Geometry module 1will be described.

An icon 110.1 (6/2 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window111.2 relate to a function "Circle with One Element on itsCircumference". This function provides for drawing a circle about agiven point so that its circumference contacts or passes through asecond given element. The second element can be a straight line, anothercircle, or a point. For this function, identification of a pointselected as a center of the drawn circle and identification of thestraight line, the other circle, or the other point, which would contactthe drawn circle or (when the geometrical element is point) pass throughit, is required.

An icon 112.1 (6/3 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window113.2 relate to a function "Circle with Two elements on itsCircumference". This function provides for obtaining a circle havingeither a given radius or a given diameter and whose circumference has acommon point with each of two given geometrical elements. Each of thetwo geometrical elements can be, independent from each other, a straightline, a circle, or a point. For this function identification is neededof both geometrical elements which the drawn circle contacts or (when ageometrical element is a point) passes through. Also, either the radiusor the diameter should be input into the input field 33 of the dialogwindow 113.2.

An icon 114.1 (6/4 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window115.2 relate to a function "Circle with Three Elements on itsCircumference". This function provides for drawing a circle having acommon point with each of three given geometrical elements. Each of thethree given geometrical elements can be independent from two otherelements, a straight line, a circle, or a point. For this functionidentification is needed of the three geometrical elements which thedrawn circle contacts or (when a geometrical element is a point) passesthrough.

An icon 116.1 (6/5 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window117.2 relate to a function "Arc of a Circle". This function provides fordrawing an arc of a circle. To this end, the following is required:

identification of two given points as a start point and an end point ofthe arc and input of the desired radius of the arc into the input field33 of the dialog window 117.2; or

identification of two given points as a start point and a midpoint ofthe arc and input, into the input field 33 of the dialog window 117.2,of a value which indicates a desired angle between the positive X-axisand the line connecting the midpoint and the end point of the arc; or

identification of a given point as a midpoint of the arc and input, intothe input field 33 of the dialog window 117.2, of the arc radius and twovalues, of which the first value indicates a desired angle between theposition X-axis and the line connecting the midpoint and the start pointof the arc, and the second value indicates a desired angle between theline connecting the midpoint and the start point of the arc and the lineconnecting the midpoint and the end point of the arc; or

identification of a given point as a midpoint of the arc and input, into the input field 33 of the dialog window 117.2, of the arc radius andtwo values of which the first value indicates a desired angle betweenthe positive X-axis and the line connecting the start point and themidpoint of the arc, and the second value indicates a desired anglebetween the positive X-axis and the line connecting the midpoint and theend point of the arc.

Now, with reference to FIG. 10, a seventh group of functions andcorresponding icons and dialog windows related to the Geometry module 1will be described.

An icon 120.1 (7/1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window121.2 relate to a function "Circle and Two Parallels". This functionprovides for drawing of a circle containing two given parallels andwhose diameter extending perpendicular to the two parallels is spacedfrom a third given element a selectable distance. The third element canbe either a point, or a straight line perpendicular to the twoparallels, or one of the two coordinate axes. For this function,identification of both parallels and the third element and input of theselectable distance into the input field 33 of the dialog window 121.2is required.

An icon 122.1 (7/5 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window123.2 relate to a function "Rounding--Radii Inner/Outer". This functionprovides for rounding of a corner in a prepared profile. To this end,identification of the roundable corner point and input, into the inputfield 33 of the dialog window 123.2, of the desired rounding radius isrequired.

An icon 124.1 (9/1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window125.2 relate to a function "Copying". This function provides for drawingof a selectable number of images from a given element or segment and forlining up these images along a designated straight line extending fromthe element or the segment at selectable equal distances. The user canselect whether the images should be real or virtual. In the later case,the image is simply stored so that separate copies in the "Geometry"cannot be modified.

An icon 126.1 (9/2 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window127.2 relate to a function "Mirroring". This function enables mirroringof a given element or a segment at a selectable point parallel to an X-or Y-axis that passes through the mirror center, or on a selectablestraight line. These possibilities can be combined so that one or morenew elements or segments can be set up.

Below, with reference to FIG. 11, an eighth group of functions andcorresponding icons and dialog windows related to the Geometry module 1will be described.

An icon 130.1 (9/3 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window131.2 relate to a function "Scaling". This function enables scaling of agiven element or segment relative to a selectable center, that isenlarge or to contract within selectable coefficient in X- and/orY-direction. To this end, identification is required of the element tobe scaled and a first point of this element, input of both scalingcoefficients into one of the input fields 33 of the dialog window 131.2,and either identification of a second point of the element to be scaledthat corresponds to the first point, or input of coordinates of thesecond point in one of the input fields 33 of the dialog window 131.2.

An icon 132.1 (9/4 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window133.2 relate to a function "Rotation". This function enables rotation ofa given element or segment about a given or fictitious point so that oneor more rotational angles can be freely determined. The initial elementremains stationary and a new element is set up. The set up of a newelement can be real or virtual.

An icon 134.1 (9/5 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window135.2 relate to a function "Shift". This function enables shifting of agiven element or segment to a given fictitious point so that the initialelement disappears. To this end, identification of the target point orinput of its coordinates in the input field 33 of the dialog window135.2 is required.

An icon 136.1 (10/1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window137.2 relate to a function "Auxiliary Profile". This function providesfor drawing an auxiliary profile to a given cut profile and which, witha complete cut, is used as an analog.

Below, with reference to FIG. 12, a ninth group of functions andcorresponding icons and dialog windows related to the Geometry module 1will be described.

An icon 140.1 (11/2 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window141.2 relate to a function "Blending in/Extraction". This functionenables to extract and again blend in any geometrical element or aportion thereof for improving the clarity of an image on the screen.Extraction is effected from point to point or from a point to the end ofa displayed surface. At that, the extracted elements are not cleared.

An icon 142.1 (11/3 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window143.2 relate to a function "Macro". A "Macro" is a parameter object(also called a templet). When parameters are assigned numerical values,the drawing in the graphic region changes.

An icon 144.1 (11/4 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window145.2 relate to a function "Sub-Geometry". This function enables theuser to read in the already defined geometry into an actual geometryprogram. To this end, the user selects a desired sub-geometry andidentifies the zero point of coordinates of this sub-geometry with agiven or fictitious point of the active (target-) geometry. Then thissub-geometry is manipulated with the functions "Rotation", "Scaling", or"Mirroring".

The user can collect frequently occurring patterns into a separategeometry library, which patterns can then be used as building blocks fora more complex geometry.

An icon 146.1 (11/5 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window147.2 relate to a function "Sketching". This function provides for amore rapid input of simple profiles. With this program, after selectionof an icon "Point Setting" in the dialog window 147.2, a point is setwith the mouse, and, after a further selection of an icon "Connection ofa Straight Line" 149.1 in the dialog window 147.2, a straight line or,after selection of a third icon "Connection of a Circular Line" 150.1 inthe dialog window 147.2, a circular line is connected with the point.Other icons and the input field 33 in the dialog window 147.2 serve fordimensioning.

Now, with reference to FIG. 13, a tenth group of functions andcorresponding icons and dialog windows related to the Geometry module 1will be described.

An icon 160.1 (12/1 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window161.2 relate to a function "Feference Point". This function enablesdeletion of a given point by its identification, or a fictitious point,by inputting its coordinates (cartesian or polar) into the input field33 of the dialog window 161.2 as a new reference point.

An icon 162.1 (12/3 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window163.2 relate to a function "Origin of Coordinates". This function servesfor determining relation of absolute coordinates of an identified pointand its incremental coordinates, when an incremental measurement takesplace, to a reference point.

An icon 164.1 (12/4 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window165.2 relate to a function "Raster". This function enables drawing of araster in which a first family of lines extending parallel to each otherat a same distance, intersects a second family of lines extendingparallel to each other at a same distance. To this end, input ofrespective distances of the first and second families of lines, andrespective inclination angles of both families of lines to the X-axis isrequired. The user can arbitrarily define the related values and inputthem into the input field 33 in the dialog window 165.2. The raster, byselection of the of the option 166 "Through Point" in the dialog window165.2 and subsequent identification with a given point, can be sodisplaced that the given point overlaps the intersection point of theraster. The user can turn the raster off and on, as desired. Besides,the user has a possibility to change the color, line type, and the linedensity of the raster.

An icon 167.1 (12/5 of the icon group in FIG. 3) and a dialog window168.2 relate to a function "Measurement Unit". This function enables,with selection of corresponding options 169 and 170 in the dialog window168.2, shifting from "metric" measurement to "inch" measurement and viceversa.

After call on of the angular Conic 3 of the Conic module 2, an icongroup for the angular Conic 3 as shown in FIG. 14 appears in thefunction selection or the function setting region 12, 13 on the rightside of the screen. The two first lines 12 of this icon group have thesame icons as the correponding lines 12 in the icon group for theGeometry module 1 (FIG. 31 except line/column 1/4 and 2/2. A firstfunction related to the angular Conic 3 will be described with referenceto FIG. 15.

An icon 180.1 (2/2 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window181.2 relate to a function "Three-Dimensional Display". This functionenables to display an actual workpiece as quasi-three-dimensional. Theuser can prescribe "from where over" and "from which distance" the userwill "look at the workpiece". For orientation, the workpiece is shown ina first sketch field 182 schematically, and significance of differentorders with respect to a relative rotational angle of the workpiece isshown in the compass field 183. By using a second sketch field 184., inwhich different signal directions ("from completely up" to "fromcompletely down") are prescribed to the workpiece, the user can definehow to proceed. To this end, selection or input of the sight directionwith regard to the height, input of a density value, and input of therotational angle with regard to the compass field 183 is needed. Here,the zooming function can be used every time. Together with thethree-dimensional setting of the workpiece, an X/Y/Z system ofcoordinates, whose "spacial" orientation corresponds to the selectedsight direction, also appears on the screen.

A second group of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowsspecifically related to the angular Conic 3 will be now described withreference to FIG. 16.

An icon 190.1 (3/1 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window191.2 relate to a function "Standard Conic". This function provides forinput of angle and distance values, at that only such values whichdefine the excursion of the wire electrode in the moving direction inthe plane that extends perpendicular to the profile. A radius of acircular arc on an outer profile to be drawn is given in accordance withthe norms for a normal cone.

An icon 192.1 (3/2 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window193.2 relate to a function "Set Angle". This function provides forsetting of wire electrode inclination relative to the plane of thebottom profile for active or identified elements. A radius of a circularof an outer profile to be drawn is given in accordance with ISO norm fora radius.

An icon 194.1 (3/3 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window195.2 relate to a function "Linear Angle". This function provides forsetting of an attack angle or wire spacing at the initial point A and anend point E of a particular section. The length of the active element ofthe bottom profile linearly changes the angle. Upon clicking of theinitial (start) point, the apparatus verifies whether in this point acertain deviation from an adjacent element occurs. The foregoing alsoapplies to the end point.

A third group of special function and corresponding icons and dialogwindows related to the angular Conic 3 of the Conic module 2 will bedescribed with reference to FIG. 17.

An icon 200.1 (4/1 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window201.2 relate to a function "Point Set up". This function enables theuser to define, in the bottom profile, a point by its distance from agiven point. The apparatus thereby provides a new defined point on thebottom profile and sets up a corresponding point on the top profile.

An icon 202.1 (4/2 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window203.2 relate to a function "Point Clearing". This function enablesclearing of the same points of the bottom and top profiles which wereset by the function "Point Set up", while the geometrical points are notcleared by this function. The two above-described functions "Point Setup" and "Point Clearing" are available in the Conic module 2, icons200.1 and 202.1 and dialog windows 201.2 and 203.1, as for settingangular Conic 3 so for setting the three-dimensional Conic 4. Inaddition, these functions are available in the Operational Programmodule 5 where only those points can be cleared that were set in theOperational Program module 5.

An icon 204.1 (5/1 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window205.2 relate to a function "Standard Radius". This function provides forsetting radii of circular arcs of the top profile in in accordance witha standard radius definition. This function provides for setting aradius R on the basis of a given radius r of the bottom profile, a givenheight h of the workpiece, and a defined attack angle aw of the wireelectrode to a normal to the plane of the bottom profile, according to aformula

    r+h*tg(aw);

This function has a higher priority with regard to the functions"Standard Conic", "Set Angle" and "Linear Angle".

An icon 206.1 (5/2 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window207.2 relate to a function "ISO-radius. This function provides forsetting radii of circular arcs of the top profile in accordance with ISOdefinition of a radius. Actually, a circular arc of a respective topprofile has the same radius as the corresponding circular arc of thebottom profile. This function also has a higher priority with regard tothe functions "Set Angle" and "Linear Angle".

A fourth group of special functions and correponding icons and dialogwindows related to the angular Conic 3 in the Conic module 2 will bediscussed with reference to FIG. 18.

An icon 210.1 (5/3 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window211.2 relate to a function "Programmable Radius". This function enablesthe user to input into the input field 33 of the dialog window 211.2 ato-be-drawn radius of a circular arc of the top profile. Whether theprogrammed radius can be edited may be established with a (laterdiscussed) function "Simulation. This function likewise has a higherpriority than the functions "Standard Conic", "Set Angle" and "LinearAngle".

An icon 212.1 (5/4 of the icon field in FIG. 14) and a dialog window213.2 relate to a function "Ratio Radius". This function enables theuser to set up a to-be-drawn radius of the top profile as an X-multipleof a corresponding given radius of the bottom profile with the desiredX-factor being input by the user into the input field 33 of the dialogwindow 213.2. Here also this function has a higher priority than thefunctions "Standard Conic", "Set Angle" and "Linear Angle".

An icon 214.1 (6/5 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window215.2 relate to a function "Clearing Radius Definition". This functionenables the user to cancel the already set radius definition. Theclearing can be either global or local.

An icon 216.1 (6/1 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window217.2 relate to a function "Intermediate Record". With this functiondifferent wire electrode deviations are defined by means two adjacentlines in the bottom profile, and two different wire inclinations withrespect to a common point of these two lines may exist. Thus, a break onthe top profile may occur. The apparatus is able to recognize this, andit draws automatically a line (intermediate record) in the top profilethat closes the break. This connecting line in the top profile is presetas a simple straight line between the two break ends. The function"Intermediate Record" enables the user to draw complex connection lines.If the user selects an intermediate record "Elongation" in an optionfield 218 in the dialog window 217.2, the apparatus shifts the two notyet adjacent elements in the top profile, in accordance with their form,further until they meet. If the user selects an intermediate record"Radius" in the option field 218, the apparatus connects both breakedges, e.g., with a circular arc. If the user selects an intermediaterecord "Splines" in the option field 218, the apparatus connects bothbreak edges, e.g., with a separate line. Actually, a tangentialtransition occurs.

A fifth group of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowsrelated to the angular Conic 3 of the Conic module 2 will be discussedwith reference to FIG. 19.

An icon 220.1 (7/1 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window221.2 relate to a function "Height Gradient". With this function, theuser can set up a height line 222 of the workpiece. To this end, theuser must input the desired height (in the direction of the Z-axis) intothe input field 33 of the dialog window 221.2. (Height "0" is assignedto the plane of the bottom profile).

An icon 223.1 (8/1 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window224.2 relate to a function "Workpiece Height". This function serves forinputting a workpiece height (this height can be defined as a distancebetween two parallel profile planes).

An icon 225.1 (1/4 of the icon group in FIG. 14) and a dialog window226.2 relate to a function "Wire Electrode Deviation". This functionserves for indicating wire electrode deviation in a clicked point of thebottom or top profile.

The three last functions, as the functions "Point Set up" and "PointClearing", are available in the Conic module 2 through correspondingicons 220.1, 223.1 and 225.1 and dialog windows 221.2, 224.2 and 226.2as for set up of the angular Conic 3 so for set up of thethree-dimensional Conic 4.

Upon selection of the three-dimensional Conic 4 of the Conic module 2,an icon group for the three-dimensional Conic 4 as shown in FIG. 20,appears in the icon field 12,13 on the right side of the screen. A firstgroup of special functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowswill be described with reference to FIG. 21.

An icon 230.1 (3/1 of the icon field in FIG. 20) relates to a function"Bottom Profile Read in". Upon selection of the icon 230.1, a set upbottom profile can be selected or read in by means of a data selectionwindow. Then, the apparatus opens a background window 231.2 of the dataselection window. The window 231.2 is associated with a function "BottomProfile Positioning". This function enables centering of the read inprofile with respect to the zero point of its coordinates. The user canturn the bottom profile a predetermined angle about the zero point ofthe coordinates and/or, by selecting a corresponding option 232, mirrorit onto the X-axis.

An icon 233.1 (3/2 of the icon group in FIG. 3) relates to a function"Top Profile Read in". Upon selection of the icon 233.1, a set up topprofile can be selected or read in by means of the data selectionwindow. Then, the apparatus opens a background window 234.2 of the dataselection window. The window 234.2 is associated with a function "TopProfile Positioning". This function is similar to the above-discussedfunction "Bottom Profile Positioning". In addition, the function "TopProfile Positioning" permits shifting of the top profile incrementallyrelative to the bottom profile.

An icon 235.1 (5/1 of the icon group in FIG. 20) and a dialog window236.2 relate to a function "Milestone Set up". This function serves forallocation of a point on the bottom profile to a point on the topprofile. This allocation is effected by identification of respectivepoints of the bottom profile and the top profile. After each subsequentidentification, a respective check box 237 is checked and acorresponding symbol box 238 is indicated as occupied.

An icon 239.1 (5/2 of the icon group in FIG. 20) and a dialog window240.2 relate to a function "Milestone Clearing". This function cancels agiven point-to-point allocation by identifying the allocation.

Now, with reference to FIG. 22, a second group of functions andcorresponding icons and dialog windows related to the three-dimensionalConic 4 of the Conic module 2 will be described.

An icon 250.1 (6/1 of the icon group in FIG. 20) and a dialog window251.2 relate to a function "Milestone Chain". This function generates aplurality of milestones, that is a chain of point-to-point allocationsinside a set up profile section.

An icon 252.1 (6/2 of the icon group in FIG. 20) and a dialog window253.2 relate to a function "Point Allocation". This function arrangesall profile-defining points on the bottom or top profile which do nothave a "partner" on the respective other profile, though there should beone. They are brought by linear apportion of the profile betweenexisting milestones. Thus, all so-called "wire lines" of the workpiecewill be shown.

Upon passing into the Operation Program module 5 and selection of anappropriate Conic, a main window 10 appears on the screen for theOperation module 5. In the graphic region of the main window 10, theselected conic (top and bottom profiles) with all point-to-pointallocations (wire lines) between the top and bottom profiles isdisplayed. An icon group for the Operation Program module 5 according toFIG. 23 appears in the icon field 12, 13 at the right side of thescreen.

Below, with reference to FIG. 24, a first group of functions andcorresponding icons and dialog windows related to the Opera Programmodule 5 will be described.

An icon 260.1 (3/1 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialo window261.2 relate to a function "Technology". This function enables the userto determine the number of desired cuts and related deviation values anddecide whether these data should apply to the whole workpiece or only aportion thereof. In the later case, the definition of the portion iseffected by identification of related elements on the top or the bottomprofile.

An icon 262.1 (3/3 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window263.2 relate to a function "Additional Offset". This function enablesdefinition of an additional surface deviation in a positive or negativedirection for a particular additional machining of the whole top surfaceof the workpiece or a portion of the top surface. In the later case, thedefinition of the portion is effected by identification of relatedelement(s) on the top or bottom profile.

An icon 264.1 (3/4 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog windowrelate to a function "STOP". This function enables the user to set upstop points on the profile while the user identifies the related pointsand defines them with respect to the main cut and additional cuts. Atthe point "STOP", the machine stops and proceeds with further machiningonly after a command to this effect has been given by the operator. (TheSTOP function permits the number of subprograms in the ISO code to bekept low. STOP points are set up as asterisks on the bottom and topprofiles).

An icon 266.1 (3/5 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window267.2 relate to a function "STOP Clearing". With this function, theSTOPS are cleared by simple clicking.

Now, with reference to FIG. 25, a second group of functions andcorresponding icons and dialog windows related to the Operation Programmodule 5 will be described.

An icon 270.1 (4/1 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window271.2 relate to a function "Start Hole". With this function, theposition and the diameter of the start hole is determined. At that, theapparatus prevents input of errors as it verifies whether the givenpoint lies outside of a cutting male die or, with a cutting female die,inside of the profile. The position of the start hole is determined byidentification of or input of incremental or absolute coordinates. Inthe later case, the apparatus opens a background window 272.2 "StartHole Incr." or a background window 273.2 "Start Hole Abs.".

An icon 274.1 (4/2 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window275.2 relate to a function "Start Path". This function is selectableonly after the start hole has been defined. With this function, theapparatus generates a start path start hole/workpiece in accordance withthe criteria set forth by the user (along a straight path, tangential,radius, clockwise or counterclockwise, and so forth . . . ).

A third group of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowsrelated to the Operation Program module 5 will be described below withreference to FIG. 26.

An icon 280.1 (4/3 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window281.2 relate to a function "Turn Point". This function permitsdefinition of "reverse points" absolutely or incrementally. To this end,the apparatus opens a respective window "Reverse Point Abs." or "ReversePoint Incr.".

An icon 282.1 (4/4 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window283.2 relate to a function "Exit Path". This function can essentially beconsidered as a "reverse" function of the "Start Path" function.

An icon 284.1 (5/4 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window285.2 relate to a function "Detour Point". This function defines a"Detour" of the path at a point indicated by the user.

An icon 286.1 (5/5 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window287.2 relate to a function "Detour Point Clearing". With this function,by clicking (identification), a given detour point in the start path iscleared.

A fourth group of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowsrelated to Operation Program module 5 will be described with referenceto FIG. 27.

An icon 300.1 (6/1 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window301.2 relate to a function "Inner Radii". This function enables the userto round inside corners of the profile, and enables abandonment ofso-called lighter workability based on supposedly optimal cornerdetails. (At that, it should be noted that with wire electrodemachining, inside "corners" always have a radius dependent on the thewire electrode diameter and an operational gap).

An icon 302.1 (6/2 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window303.2 relate to a function "Outer Radii". This function enables the userto round outer radii of a profile.

An icon 304.1 (7/1 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window305.2 relate to a function "Inside Corner Cut Process". This function iscalled in automatically to avoid undercutting.

An icon 306.1 (7/2 of the icon group in FIG. 23) relates to a function"Inside Corner Circumvention". This function provides for matching ofcorner radii with respective cuts (main and additional).

An icon 307.1 (7/3 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window308.2 relate to a function "Arbitrary Cutting of Inside Corners".

A fifth group of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowsrelated to the Operation Program module 5 will be described withreference to FIG. 28.

An icon 320.1 (8/1 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window321.2 relate to a function "Circular Intermediate Outer Corners". Whennot otherwise defined, this function is called in automatically. Thisfunction is preset (default).

An icon 322.1 (8/2 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window323.2 relate to a function "Outer Corner Loop". Upon call-in of thisfunction and, if necessary, identification of a corner point of the topor bottom profile, the apparatus generates (one) corner loop in the wiredisplacement path.

An icon 324.1 (9/1 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window325.2 relate to a function "Complete Cut". This function serves fordefining, in accordance with a predetermined track width, apredetermined distance of separate cut paths, and a predeterminedaddition, a complete cut by identification of an element on the top orbottom profile and, if necessary, one or more auxiliary profiles.

An icon 326.1 (9/2 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window327.2 relate to a function "Portion of a Complete Cut". This functionserves for making a notch between two respective points of the top andbottom profiles in the workpiece during the complete cut.

A sixth group of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowsrelated to the Operation Program module 5 will be described withreference to FIG. 29.

An icon 340.1 (11/1 of the icon group in FIG. 23) and a dialog window341.2 relate to a function "Simulation". With this function, an exactgraphic representation of all strategies and techniques defined in theOperation Program module 5 is triggered to verify their effect. Theapparatus shows the programmed top and bottom profiles, inner and outerradii, start hole, start and exit paths with available detour points.The apparatus further shows and calculates the path (with actual wireelectrode deviations), taking into account the selected corner strategy(loop, arbitrary cut, circumvention, etc. . . ). All this occurs oneafter another for the (complete) main cut and following separateadditional cuts, whereby the setting of respective sequential cuts,which correspond to the scaled available drawings and aredistinguishible by color, are added. With the function "Zooming",separate deviation paths can be made clearly visible.

An icon 342.1 (11/2 of the icon group in FIG. 23) relates to a function"Separation". With this function, the apparatus verifies whether twopaths obtained during the cutting process can be separated, that iswhether the "Core of the Shell" can be removed, and generates, ifnecessary, a solution strategy (e.g., a complete cut or a bridge cut).

After selection of the Job program module 6, respective data file, anicon group according to FIG. 30, appears in both icon fields 12 and 13on the right side of the screen. Now, with reference to FIG. 31, a firstgroup of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windows related tothe Job program module will be described.

An icon 350.1 (1/4 of the icon group in FIG. 30) relates to a function"Switch". With this function, the user can show a sequence group on theleft next to the graphic.

An icon 351.1 (2/3 of the icon group in FIG. 30) relates to a function"SWAP". This function permits the user to change the setting of a chainplane in the graphic region between graphic images.

An icon 352.1 (3/1 of the icon group in FIG. 30) relates to a function"Operation Limits". This function serves for showing limits ofoperational freedom (travel paths, area of support, and maximumworkpiece measurement).

A second group of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowsrelated to the Job program module 6 will be described with reference toFIG. 32.

An icon 360.1 (4/1 of the icon group in FIG. 30) and a dialog window361.2 relate to a function "Rectangle-Blank". This function serves forinput of length, width and height of an utilized rectangular blank.After the input of these dimensions, the apparatus automatically opens awindow box associated with the function "Placing" (absolute orincremental, identification of a reference point, plane selection). Ifthe user finds all related instructions, the apparatus automaticallyopens one of two further windows "Blank Placing", one of which 363.2relates to "absolute" placing and the other 364.2 to "incremental"placing. After input of desired coordinates and rotational angles, theblank rectangle is (graphically) placed.

A third group of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowsrelated to the Job Program module 6 will be described with reference toFIG. 33.

An icon 380.1 (4/2 of the icon group in FIG. 30) relates to a function"Circular Blank", and an icon 381.1 (4/3 of the icon group in FIG. 30)relates to a function "Special Blank". These two functions correspondoperationally to the call-in mode of the window boxes of the previouslydescribed function "Rectangle--Blank". At that, for the function"Special Blank", a geometry file, which defines the special blank(semi-finished workpiece), is preset. An icon 382.1 (4/4 of the icongroup in FIG. 30) and a dialog window 383.2 relate to a function "BlankClearing".

An icon 384.1 (5/1 of the icon group in FIG. 30) relates to a function"Operational Program". With this function, an operational program can beplaced, by means of different background windows (and thus shifted,turned, rotated or mirrored).

An icon 385.1 (5/3 of the icon group in FIG. 30) relates to a function"Subjob". This function permits placing of a job (and thus a givenoperational program--chain), by means of different background windows,in the same manner as with the function "Operational Program".

An icon 386.1 (5/2 of the icon group in FIG. 30) and a dialog window387.2 relate to a function "Operational Program or Subjob Clearing".

An icon 388.1 (6/1 of the icon group in FIG. 30) relates to a function"Detour Point". With this function, a detour point can be placed bymeans of different background windows.

An icon 389.1 (6/2 of the icon group in FIG. 30) relates to a "DetourPoint Clearing" function.

An icon 390.1 (7/1 of the icon group in FIG. 30) and a dialog window391.2 relate to a function "Loop Two-Dimensional". With this function,an operational program or a job can be virtually copied several times ina two-dimensional raster.

A forth group of functions and corresponding icons and dialog windowsrelated to the Job program modul 6 will be described with reference toFIG. 34.

An icon 410.1 (7/2 of the icon group in FIG. 30) and a dialog window411.2 relate to a function "Loop One-Dimensional". With this function,an operational program or a job can be virtually copied several times ina one-dimensional raster.

An icon 412.1 (7/3 of the icon group in FIG. 30) and a dialog window413.2 relate to a function "Loop in a Circle". With this function anoperational program or job can be virtually planetary copied severaltimes. The job or the operational program thereby can remain asrevolving or parallel directional.

An icon 414.1 (8/1 of the icon group in FIG. 30) relates to a function"Manual Chaining". This function permits manual chaining of operatioanalprograms.

While particular embodiments of the invention have been shown anddescribed, various modifications thereof will be apparent to thoseskilled in the art and, therefore, it is not intended that the inventionbe limited to the disclosed embodiments or to the details thereof, andthe departures may be made therefrom within the spirit and scope of theinvention as set forth in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for monitoring and programmingfunctioning of a spark erosion machine for machining workpieces, saidapparatus comprising a screen having window means including at least oneof means for displaying a plurality of separate functions, means forselecting at least one function of the displayed plurality of functions,means for valuewise setting up the selected at least one function, andmeans for controlling selection and valuewise set up of the at least onefunction, wherein said window means includes a dialog window with atleast one of a section for identification of a function, a section forinput of set up of a function, and a section for sketching a function,wherein said input section comprises a display for reproducing valuewiseset up parameters of a selected function and wherein said display isprovided so as to reproduce a plurality of mutually exclusive values orvalue groups which distinguish from each other and permit to obtain asimilar change of the selected function.
 2. An apparatus as set forth inclaim 1, and further comprising means for simultaneously preventinginput of the mutually exclusive values or value groups.
 3. An apparatusas set forth in claim 1, and further comprising means for subsequentlypreventing input of the mutually exclusive values or value groups.
 4. Anapparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said display includes meansfor indicating which of values or value groups has been just set up. 5.An apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said display includesmeans for selecting the set up values or value groups.
 6. An apparatusas set forth in claim 1, wherein said display comprises means forlabelling values or value groups corresponding to a respective set up,said labelling means including illuminated display fields with one ofsymbols and signs for reproducing the set up parameters of the selectedfunction.
 7. An apparatus as set forth in claim 6, wherein said displayfields are one of luminous contrast sections and color contrastsections.
 8. An apparatus as set forth in claim 6, wherein said inputand sketching sections have similar symbols and signs.
 9. An apparatusas set forth in claim 8, wherein the symbols and signs are so connectedwith said display fields that the set up of the predetermined values orvalue groups is simultaneously displayed in said input and sketchingsections.
 10. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said windowmeans comprises a main window and at least two elements for breaking offa function input process and for transferring the function to said mainwindow.
 11. An apparatus as set forth in claim 10, wherein said windowmeans includes a further element for interrupting the function inputprocess, and storage means for storing values input before interruption.12. An apparatus as set forth in claim 10, wherein said window meanscomprises means for requesting available construction alternatives. 13.An apparatus as set forth in claim 11, and further comprising means forcalling in the stored values.